Surfing is an exhilarating sport that connects you with the ocean. To enjoy surfing year-round, a good wetsuit is essential. The right wetsuit keeps you warm, provides flexibility, and protects you from the elements. In this article, we will explore how to choose the right thickness wetsuit for surfing, taking into account various factors such as water temperature, climate, and personal preferences.
Understanding Wetsuit Thickness
Wetsuit thickness is measured in millimeters (mm) and typically described using two or three numbers, such as 3/2 mm or 5/4/3 mm. The first number represents the thickness of the neoprene in the torso area, while the second number represents the thickness in the arms and legs. If there is a third number, it usually indicates the thickness in the extremities, such as the wrists and ankles.
Key Factors in Choosing Wetsuit Thickness
1. Water Temperature
2. Air Temperature
3. Wind Conditions
4. Personal Cold Tolerance
5. Activity Level
Wetsuit Thickness Guide Based on Water Temperature
To determine the appropriate wetsuit thickness, you need to know the average water temperature of the surf spot. Here is a general guide:
Tropical Waters (75°F and above / 24°C and above)
Wetsuit Thickness: 0.5 mm to 2 mm
Example: Springsuit, Rash Guard, Short John, or Long John
Details: In warm tropical waters, minimal insulation is needed. A thin wetsuit or even just a rash guard will provide protection from sun and irritation without overheating.
Warm Waters (68°F to 74°F / 20°C to 23°C)
Wetsuit Thickness: 2 mm to 3/2 mm
Example: Springsuit, Shorty, or Fullsuit
Details: In warm waters, a 2 mm shorty or a 3/2 mm fullsuit is ideal. These suits offer enough insulation to keep you comfortable without restricting movement.
Mild Waters (64°F to 67°F / 18°C to 19°C)
Wetsuit Thickness: 3/2 mm to 4/3 mm
Example: Fullsuit with optional accessories (booties, gloves)
Details: Mild waters require a bit more insulation. A 3/2 mm or 4/3 mm fullsuit will keep you warm. You might also consider booties and gloves for added warmth.
Cool Waters (58°F to 63°F / 14°C to 17°C)
Wetsuit Thickness: 4/3 mm to 5/4/3 mm
Example: Fullsuit with booties and gloves
Details: For cool waters, a 4/3 mm or 5/4/3 mm fullsuit is necessary. These suits provide significant insulation, and you should wear booties and gloves to protect your extremities.
Cold Waters (50°F to 57°F / 10°C to 13°C)
Wetsuit Thickness: 5/4 mm to 6/5/4 mm
Example: Fullsuit with hood, booties, and gloves
Details: In cold waters, a 5/4 mm or 6/5/4 mm fullsuit with an integrated hood is crucial. Booties and gloves are essential to maintain body heat.
Frigid Waters (Below 50°F / Below 10°C)
Wetsuit Thickness: 6/5 mm to 7 mm
Example: Fullsuit with hood, booties, and gloves
Details: For extremely cold waters, you need the thickest wetsuit available. A 6/5 mm or 7 mm fullsuit with an integrated hood, booties, and gloves is mandatory to prevent hypothermia.
Additional Factors Influencing Wetsuit Choice
Air Temperature
Air temperature can significantly affect your comfort level while surfing. On windy or cloudy days, you may need a thicker wetsuit even if the water temperature is relatively warm. Conversely, on sunny days with little wind, you might be able to get away with a thinner suit.
Wind Conditions
Wind can make you feel much colder, especially when you’re wet. If you surf in areas with strong winds, consider a wetsuit with wind-resistant panels. These panels help reduce the cooling effect of the wind.
Personal Cold Tolerance
Everyone’s tolerance to cold varies. Some surfers might feel comfortable in a 3/2 mm wetsuit in 64°F water, while others might need a 4/3 mm suit. It’s essential to know your body’s reaction to cold and choose a wetsuit that keeps you warm and comfortable.
Activity Level
Your activity level can influence how warm you feel in the water. High-intensity surfing sessions generate more body heat, allowing you to wear a slightly thinner wetsuit. If you plan on doing more relaxed, longboarding sessions, you might want a thicker suit to stay warm.
Wetsuit Types and Styles
Wetsuits come in various styles to suit different conditions and preferences. Here are some common types:
Fullsuit
A fullsuit covers the entire body, including the arms and legs. Fullsuits are available in various thicknesses and are ideal for colder water conditions.
Springsuit
A springsuit has short arms and legs, offering more flexibility and comfort in warmer waters. They typically come in thicknesses ranging from 1 mm to 3 mm.
Shorty
A shorty wetsuit has short sleeves and short legs. It’s designed for warm water conditions and provides protection from the sun and minor abrasions.
Long John / Jane
A Long John (for men) or Long Jane (for women) wetsuit has long legs but no sleeves. It’s suitable for warm waters where you need leg protection but want to keep your arms free.
Rash Guard
A rash guard is a thin, lycra top that provides protection from the sun and irritation caused by the surfboard. Rash guards are used in tropical waters where thermal insulation is not necessary.
Wetsuit Accessories
In addition to the wetsuit itself, various accessories can enhance your comfort and protection while surfing:
Booties
Booties protect your feet from cold water and sharp objects. They come in different thicknesses, usually ranging from 3 mm to 7 mm. Choose the thickness based on water temperature and personal comfort.
Gloves
Gloves keep your hands warm and protected. They are available in thicknesses from 1 mm to 5 mm. Like booties, the thickness depends on the water temperature and your cold tolerance.
Hood
A hood provides additional warmth by covering your head and neck. Hoods are essential in very cold water and come in thicknesses from 3 mm to 7 mm. Some wetsuits have integrated hoods, while others require separate hoods.
Vest
A vest adds an extra layer of insulation to your torso. Vests are usually worn under a wetsuit for additional warmth and come in thicknesses from 1 mm to 3 mm.
See Also: What Is Surfing Behind a Boat Called
Wetsuit Materials and Construction
Wetsuits are made from neoprene, a synthetic rubber that provides insulation and flexibility. The quality of neoprene and the construction of the wetsuit can impact its performance and durability.
Neoprene Types
1. Standard Neoprene: This is the most common type of neoprene used in wetsuits. It offers good insulation and flexibility.
2. Superstretch Neoprene: This type of neoprene is more flexible and comfortable than standard neoprene. It’s ideal for high-performance surfing.
3. Yamamoto Neoprene: Made from limestone rather than petroleum, Yamamoto neoprene is lighter, more flexible, and more durable. It’s often found in high-end wetsuits.
Seams and Stitching
The seams and stitching of a wetsuit play a crucial role in its performance. Here are the common types:
1. Flatlock Stitching: Flatlock stitching is used in warm water wetsuits. The seams are flat and comfortable but allow some water to seep through.
2. Glued and Blindstitched (GBS): GBS seams are glued together and then stitched, but the needle does not penetrate the neoprene completely, reducing water entry. This type is common in colder water wetsuits.
3. Taped Seams: Taped seams have an additional layer of tape applied to the inside of the seams. This provides extra waterproofing and durability.
4. Sealed Seams: Sealed seams use a liquid rubber coating on the outside of the seams to prevent water from entering. This is the most effective method for keeping water out and is used in high-end wetsuits.
Fit and Sizing
A proper fit is crucial for wetsuit performance. A wetsuit should be snug but not too tight. It should allow full range of motion without causing discomfort. Here are some tips for finding the right fit:
1. Try Before You Buy: Whenever possible, try on the wetsuit before purchasing. Different brands have slightly different sizing, so it’s important to find one that fits your body shape.
2. Check the Fit in Key Areas: Make sure the wetsuit fits well in the torso, arms, legs, and neck. There should be no large gaps or excessive tightness.
3. Move Around: Perform a range of motions to ensure the wetsuit allows for flexibility and doesn’t restrict your movement.
4. Consider the Break-In Period: New wetsuits can feel tighter initially. They will loosen slightly after a few uses, so take this into account when assessing the fit.
Wetsuit Care and Maintenance
Proper care and maintenance can extend the life of your wetsuit. Here are some tips:
1. Rinse After Use: Always rinse your wetsuit with fresh water after each use to remove salt, sand, and other debris.
2. Dry Thoroughly: Hang your wetsuit to dry in a shaded, well-ventilated area. Avoid direct sunlight, as UV rays can damage the neoprene.
3. Store Properly: Store your wetsuit flat or on a wide hanger to prevent creases and damage. Avoid folding it.
4. Repair Small Tears: Repair small tears and holes promptly with wetsuit repair glue to prevent them from getting worse.
5. Avoid Harsh Chemicals: Do not use harsh detergents or chemicals to clean your wetsuit. Use a mild wetsuit shampoo if necessary.
Conclusion
Choosing the right wetsuit thickness for surfing is essential for comfort, performance, and safety. By considering factors such as water temperature, air temperature, wind conditions, personal cold tolerance, and activity level, you can select the perfect wetsuit for your needs. Remember to take care of your wetsuit to ensure it lasts for many surfing sessions. Happy surfing!